GovWire

This technical report, which follows on from analyses undertaken by He and Black (2020) and He and Cadwallader (2022), uses statistical methods to investigate the comparability of grading standards across subjects for GCSEs and A levels in summer 2022.

Inter-subject comparability is explored over a period of 4 years: summer 2022, when grades were awarded through exams (with adaptations), summer 2021, when Teacher Assessed Grades (TAGs) were used, summer 2020, when, for most students, Centre Assessed Grades (CAGs) were used, and summer 2019, when grades were awarded through normal exams (prior to the COVID-19 pandemic).